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高密度脂蛋白（high-density lipoprotein,HDL）一直被公认为心血管系统的重要保护因子。它通过介导胆固醇逆转运（reverse cholesterol transport,RCT）、抗炎、抗氧化、改善内皮功能、抗血栓形成、抗凋亡等作用，能有效降低心血管疾病发生的风险，从而抑制动脉粥样硬化（atherosclerosis,AS）的发生与发展。然而在一些疾病状态下，HDL发生功能失调，反而促进动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成。最新研究发现，功能失调的HDL的蛋白质、脂质、酶学等组成成分均发生显著改变，且与心血管疾病的发病率呈U型相关。该文主要概述HDL的结构与功能和失功能性HDL(dysfunctional HDL,dyHDL)的结构变化，以及总结调节HDL的中西医药物，为防治动脉粥样硬化性疾病提供新的诊治思路和诊疗方法。
Abstract：High-density lipoprotein(HDL)has been recognized as an important protective factor of cardiovascular system. It can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by mediating the reverse cholesterol transport(RCT),anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,improving endothelial function,antithrombosis and anti-apoptosis,thus inhibiting the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis(AS).However,in some disease states,HDL is dysfunctional,which promotes the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. According to the latest research,the protein,lipids,enzymes and other components of dysfunctional HDL have changed significantly,and they are U-shaped related to the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.This article mainly summarizes the structure and function of HDL,the structural changes of dysfunctional HDL(dyHDL),and summarizes the traditional Chinese and Western medicines for regulating HDL,so as to provide new ideas and methods of diagnosis and treatment for prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13194/j.issn.1673-842x.2023.06.022
中图分类号:R543.5
引用信息:
[1]吴奇东,章怡祎.失功能性高密度脂蛋白与动脉粥样硬化研究进展[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2023,25(06):105-111.DOI:10.13194/j.issn.1673-842x.2023.06.022.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（81302928）; 上海中医药大学附属龙华医院创新项目（KY1747）
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
2023-02-13